According to Roland Barthes, texts can never be wholly original. Every text, or cultural product, references, borrows or speaks to a prior one. This is especially true of visuals such as films, adverts and posters that “borrow” from other texts in terms of style, color, composition, angle and even actors being depicted. A popular example... Continue Reading →
The Factors that have Shaped Digital Diplomacy
2026 marks a decade since the publication of the first book on digital diplomacy. Since then, the digital diplomacy research corpus has extensively grown and now includes hundreds of books, book chapters, academic essays and journal articles. A review of this entire corpus suggests that the practice of digital diplomacy has been shaped and reshaped... Continue Reading →
The New Gatekeepers: Nation Branding in the Age of AI Bias
Nation branding studies suggest that, like consumer products, nations elicit certain cognitive associations. Just as the “Apple” brand evokes the associations of innovation and sleek design, the “France” brand elicits deep seated associations with culture, romance, and artistic movements. Much like consumer products, nations may also elicit negative associations. France may just as easily elicit... Continue Reading →